优质护理在血液标本采集中的效果及对检验质量的影响
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张晓菊
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重庆大学附属肿瘤医院，重庆，400030
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摘要：目的 分析优质护理用于血液标本采集的临床效果，并评估其对检验质量的积极影响。方法 研究时间为2024 年1 月-2025 年2 月，选取对象即实施血液样本采集者，数量：160 例，在数字表的随机指导下划分组别，即：参照组、观察组，各有80 例，分别实施常规护理、优质护理，随后对比心理状态、血液样本合格率、护理效果、满意度等指标。结果 护理前心理状态值相似（P＞0.05），护理后观察组焦虑（35.53±3.12）分、抑郁（35.66±3.24）分均较参照组有更低评分值（P ＜ 0.05）。血液样本合格率计算以观察组96.25% 偏高参照组86.25%（P ＜ 0.05）。观察组疼痛率3.75%、二次穿刺率2.50%、不良反应发生率1.25% 均较参照组15.00%、11.25%、8.75% 呈现更低水平（P ＜ 0.05）。观察组护理方式（19.15±1.63）分、服务态度（19.23±1.47）分、护理效果（19.34±1.53）分、操作技术（19.26±1.44）分均较参照组同项呈现更高水平（P＜0.05）。结论 在血液采集环节中配合高效、优质的护理措施，能有效缓解献血者的焦虑情绪，显著改善穿刺过程中的不适体验，且利用标准化流程管控，可大幅降低血液样本因操作不当导致的废弃比例，同时减少献血后不良反应的临床发生率。
关健词：血液采集；优质护理；焦虑情绪；不良反应；检验质量
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The Effect of High-Quality Nursing in Blood Sample Collection and Its Impact on Test Quality
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Xiaoju Zhang
Cancer Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030，China
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Abstract： Objective To analyze the clinical effect of high-quality nursing in blood specimen collection and evaluate its positiveimpact on testing quality.Methods The study period was from January 2024 to February 2025. The subjects selected wereindividuals undergoing blood sample collection, with a total of 160 cases. Under the guidance of a random number table, theywere divided into two groups: a reference group and an observation group, each consisting of 80 cases. The reference groupreceived routine nursing, while the observation group received high-quality nursing. Subsequently, indicators such as psychologicalstate, blood sample qualification rate, nursing effect, and satisfaction were compared.Results The psychological state scoreswere similar before nursing (P>0.05). After nursing, the observation group had significantly lower scores for anxiety (35.53 ±3.12) and depression (35.66 ± 3.24) compared to the reference group (P<0.05). The blood sample qualification rate was higherin the observation group (96.25%) than in the reference group (86.25%) (P<0.05). The observation group exhibited lower ratesof pain (3.75%), secondary puncture (2.50%), and adverse reactions (1.25%) compared to the reference group (15.00%, 11.25%,and 8.75%, respectively) (P<0.05). The observation group also showed higher scores in nursing methods (19.15 ± 1.63), serviceattitude (19.23 ± 1.47), nursing effect (19.34 ± 1.53), and operational skills (19.26 ± 1.44) compared to the reference group (P<0.05).Conclusion The implementation of efficient and high-quality nursing measures during blood collection can effectivelyalleviate donors’ anxiety, significantly improve the discomfort experienced during puncture, and, through standardized processcontrol, substantially reduce the proportion of blood samples discarded due to improper operations, while also lowering the clinicalincidence of adverse reactions after blood donation.
Keywords : Blood collection; High-quality nursing; Anxiety; Adverse reactions; Testing quality
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