早期综合康复护理对脑梗死后患者便秘预防效果的随机对照研究
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高石然，周志琼
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云南省曲靖中心医院，云南曲靖，655000
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摘要：目的 探讨早期综合康复护理对预防脑梗死后患者便秘的临床效果。方法 采用前瞻性随机对照研究设计，选取2024 年8 月至2025 年8 月我院收治的126 例脑梗死患者作为研究对象，将其分为观察组与对照组，每组各63 例。对照组接受康复科常规治疗与护理，观察组在常规护理基础上实施早期综合康复护理干预，包括腹部按摩、饮食结构调整、排便习惯训练、心理疏导及早期活动指导等。比较两组患者干预后第2 周、第4 周的便秘发生率、首次排便时间、排便困难程度（采用便秘患者症状自评量表PAC-SYM）、生活质量（采用便秘患者生活质量量表PAC-QOL）及护理满意度。结果 干预后，观察组患者在第2 周和第4 周的便秘发生率（12.70% vs 38.10%； 6.35% vs 26.98%）均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组首次排便时间早于对照组[（2.85±1.12）天 vs（ 4.53±1.74）天]（P<0.05）。观察组患者的PAC-SYM评分[（0.68±0.21）分 vs（ 1.25±0.33）分]和PAC-QOL评分[（0.75±0.18）分vs（ 1.42±0.29）分]均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组的护理总满意度为96.83%，高于对照组的80.95%（P<0.05）。结论 对脑梗死后患者实施早期综合康复护理，能有效降低便秘发生率，缩短首次排便时间，减轻排便困难症状，提升患者生活质量和护理满意度，具有显著的临床预防效果和推广价值。
关健词：脑梗死；便秘；早期康复护理；预防；生活质量；护理满意度
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A randomized controlled study on the preventive effectof early comprehensive rehabilitation nursing on constipationin patients with cerebral infarction
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Shiran Gao,Zhiqiong Zhou
Qujing Central Hospital, Yunnan Province, Qujing Yunnan 655000,China
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Abstract：Objective To explore the clinical effect of early comprehensive rehabilitation nursing on preventing constipationin patients with cerebral infarction.Methods A prospective randomized controlled study design was adopted, and 126 patientswith cerebral infarction admitted to our hospital from August 2024 to August 2025 were selected as the research subjects. Theywere divided into an observation group and a control group, with 63 cases in each group. The control group received routinetreatment and nursing in the rehabilitation department, while the observation group received early comprehensive rehabilitationnursing intervention on the basis of routine nursing, including abdominal massage, dietary structure adjustment, defecation habittraining, psychological counseling, and early activity guidance. Compare the incidence of constipation, time of first defecation,degree of difficulty in defecation (using the Constipation Patient Symptom Self Rating Scale PAC-SYM), quality of life (using the Constipation Patient Quality of Life Scale PAC-QOL), and nursing satisfaction between two groups of patients at 2 and 4weeks after intervention.Results After intervention, the incidence of constipation in the observation group patients in the secondand fourth weeks (12.70% vs 38.10%; 6.35% vs 26.98%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Theobservation group had their first bowel movement earlier than the control group [(2.85 ± 1.12) days vs (4.53 ± 1.74) days](P<0.05). The PAC-SYM score [(0.68 ± 0.21) points vs (1.25 ± 0.33) points] and PAC-QOL score [(0.75 ± 0.18) points vs (1.42± 0.29) points] of the observation group patients were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). The overallsatisfaction rate of the observation group’s nursing was 96.83%, which was higher than the control group’s 80.95% (P<0.05).Conclusion Early comprehensive rehabilitation nursing for patients with cerebral infarction can effectively reduce the incidenceof constipation, shorten the first bowel movement time, alleviate symptoms of difficulty in defecation, improve patients’ qualityof life and nursing satisfaction, and has significant clinical prevention effect and promotion value.
Keywords : Cerebral infarction; Constipation; Early rehabilitation nursing; Prevention; Quality of life; Nursing satisfaction
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